Hunger in afghanistan. biz/p8gac/ict-silver-bullet-indicator-strategy-pdf.

2 By 2030, end all forms of malnutrition, including achieving, by 2025, the internationally agreed targets on stunting and wasting in children under 5 Mar 31, 2022 · The UN World Food Program says Afghanistan is facing a 'tsunami of hunger' with it on the verge of economic collapse [File: Petros Giannakouris/AP] By Ruchi Kumar Published On 31 Mar 2022 31 Mar 2022 Sep 20, 2021 · Afghanistan: Fighting off hunger under the Taliban. It is now estimated that 14 million people Jun 17, 2022 · National Societies. Food assistance to two million people in Afghanistan will have to be cut later this month, the UN World Food Programme (WFP) said on Tuesday. Humanitarian need in Afghanistan is pushing record levels. A year ago Monday, a ragtag army of extremists swept into Kabul without firing a shot after having seized Feb 15, 2022 · Afghanistan is mired in a humanitarian catastrophe six months after the Taliban resurgence, no matter how the numbers are counted. 5 million children in Afghanistan were forecast to experience crisis levels of hunger in 2024, a nongovernmental organization said Tuesday, May 29, 2024. Mothers and children at a WFP-supported mobile nutrition clinic in Herat, Afghanistan. Sana Kakar. (December 14, 2023) - Almost 8 million children in Afghanistan – or one in three - will enter the new year facing crisis levels of hunger Jun 13, 2022 · Some 19. 26 billion in humanitarian funding for Afghanistan this year, but donors have given only about $800 million (less than 25% of the appeal) as of August 8. And now, the conditions are more difficult due to war, drought, COVID-19 outbreak, earthquake and recent flash floods. Oct 9, 2023 · What’s causing the Afghanistan humanitarian crisis? Leading up to the October 2023 earthquakes, Afghanistan was already ravaged due to decades of conflict, displacement, poverty, and extreme weather. 12. More than half May 9, 2022 · Humanitarian assistance averted a catastrophe in the harsh winter months – but hunger continues across the country at unprecedented levels. Earlier in the 2000s, for about a decade, Afghanistan made good progress against hunger and malnutrition. WFP’s food assistance is the last lifeline for millions of Afghans. 5% of children were stunted, or chronically malnourished. The briefings are part of Bread’s efforts to raise awareness of today’s global hunger crisis by providing context and enabling people who work in humanitarian emergency situations to communicate directly with U. The FCS is a score calculated using a combination of food diversity and frequency of consumption of different food groups consumed by a household, weighted by the relative. Most Viewed July 17, 2024 News Release October 7 Crimes Against Humanity, War Crimes by Hamas-led Groups. Drought had already devastated Allawddin Rahimi's wheat fields when the Jan 4, 2023 · Afghanistan: Acute Food Insecurity Situation August-November 2017; 01. World Food Programme. The international community cannot abandon Afghanistan, a senior UN aid official said on Thursday, urging continued engagement and support for the population. Because of the virus, the price of food is rising. 2016 > 31. 4 million people facing emergency levels of food Dec 1, 2021 · WFP is ramping up its life-saving support in Afghanistan, with the goal of reaching 24 million people in 2022. 2017 > 31. FILE Jan 6, 2022 · Afghanistan has seen other hunger emergencies over the years — in some areas, people two decades ago were so desperate that they resorted to eating grass. Hunger fell by half and child mortality fell by Mar 22, 2022 · Hunger is worsening in Afghanistan, with 95 per cent of the population going without enough food to eat every day, according to the United Nations. 2. 8 million children will enter 2024 not having enough to eat. Jan 16, 2022 · To Afghanistan now, where the United Nations estimates that nearly 23 million people are at risk right now for potentially life-threatening hunger, which is why last week, U. Action Against Hunger leads the global movement to end hunger. “We Jan 26, 2023 · Ebrahim Noroozi / AP. N. org FAIRFIELD, Conn. May 27, 2024 · KABUL, 27 MAY, 2024 - About 6. “Regardless of the Taliban Nov 6, 2021 · While the nations of the world come together at the COP26 to seek solutions to climate change, Afghanistan is already suffering from global warming. As a nonprofit that works across 55 countries, our 8,900 dedicated staff members partner with communities to address the root causes of hunger, including climate change, conflict, inequity, and emergencies. 1% decline from 2021. With a score of 30. 5 million people displaced by conflict inside Afghanistan, including 700,000 from 2021 alone. In such a challenging time, World Vision Afghanistan implemented the Recovery, Reintegration & Resilience Consortium (R3) Project, supported by Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO)-UK. Afghanistan Asia COVID-19 Climate Change Food Security & Livelihoods Nutrition & Health. 05. A woman and boy beg for alms outside a mosque during Ramadan in Kabul. Photo: WFP/Marco Di Lauro Oct 12, 2023 · We innovate solutions, advocate for change, and reach 28 million people every year with proven hunger prevention and treatment programs. 5 million in need. May 27, 2024 · KABUL, 27 MAY, 2024 - About 6. (Photo Credit: Atabek Khadim / Save the Children) KABUL, 14 December 2023– Almost 8 million children in Afghanistan – or one in three - will enter the new year facing crisis levels of hunger as increasingly freezing conditions threaten communities already reeling from drought, earthquakes, and economic hardship, said In the 2023 Global Hunger Index, Afghanistan ranks 114 th out of the 125 countries with sufficient data to calculate 2023 GHI scores. 4 The number of winter months vary by province and were provided by WFP. Photo: WFP/Sadeq Naseri . “The suspension of aid infusions to the government budget, the freezing of assets, and the May 3, 2024 · The crisis in Afghanistan largely stems from the unraveling of the country’s economy following the 2021 change in government. Afghanistan hunger statistics for 2020 was 28. Kuala Lumpur/Kabul/Geneva 17 June – The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) is calling for increased global support to stem spiralling hunger in Afghanistan as one of the world’s worst humanitarian crises threatens millions. We innovate solutions, advocate for change, and reach 28 million people every year with proven hunger Following peak hunger levels in 2021 and 2022, food security in Afghanistan has marginally improved, largely thanks to massive food and nutrition assistance that supported up to half the Afghan people. Jan 24, 2023 · Action Against Hunger has worked in Afghanistan since 1995 to improve access to health and nutrition services for vulnerable communities, particularly children under five years old, pregnant women Dec 14, 2023 · Media Contact: Media@savechildren. Nearly three out of 10 Afghan children will face crisis May 10, 2022 · 10 May 2022. 3 Information on caloric thresholds provided by WFP Afghanistan. Support has included malnutrition treatment and prevention services to nearly 437,000 pregnant and breastfeeding women, and 900,000 Sep 22, 2021 · Afghanistan’s health system is on the brink of collapse, the head of the World Health Organisation, WHO, warned on Wednesday, while on the streets of Kabul, the hunger families are suffering is as acute in urban areas as the drought-stricken rural parts of the country. According to a newly released IPC* report, the food situation in Afghanistan has deteriorated significantly in 2021, with nearly 19 million Afghans experiencing high levels of acute food insecurity between September and October 2021. Number of people facing extreme hunger: 12. 9% increase from 2019. Even more concerning is the finding that despite urgent appeals, countries received only a third of the requested funding for hunger-related programs the following year. Learn how World Vision is delivering life-saving aid to families caught up in the crisis. May 17, 2022 · CNN. Nov 26, 2021 · Following the Taliban takeover of Afghanistan, the country is on the brink of a humanitarian and economic crisis. Forced to take the drastic measures citing a “massive funding shortfall”, WFP will only be able to provide emergency assistance to three million people per month Nov 10, 2021 · In Afghanistan, the threat of widespread famine looms as drought and hunger continues NPR's Audie Cornish talks with reporter Jane Ferguson from PBS Newshour about her recent trip into Afghanistan. The Taliban takeover May 29, 2024 · About 6. Nov 16, 2021 · AUDIE CORNISH, HOST: Afghanistan is on the brink of a hunger catastrophe, according to a new report from the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization. By late 2021, nearly half of Afghans were experiencing crisis or worse levels of food insecurity—the highest level ever recorded in Afghanistan and a 37% rise compared to six months earlier. 00%, a 30. New figures [i] released today by the IPC, the global hunger Mar 13, 2024 · Currently, a third of the Afghan population, or nearly 16 million people, are going hungry, and every province is at crisis levels of food insecurity, or higher, according to the UN agency. By Anna Coren, Jessie Yeung Decades of war and unstable politics have led the people of Afghanistan into turmoil. has about $135 million in aid in Afghanistan Dec 17, 2023 · Society. A concrete base strategy has to be established for the long term to end poverty and hunger in Afghanistan. 4 million people. 5 million children in Afghanistan [1] - or nearly three out of ten - will face crisis or emergency levels of hunger this year as the country feels the immediate Feb 28, 2014 · Malnutrition is a growing problem that is especially prevalent in children in Afghanistan. Conflict, economic shocks, climate extremes and soaring fertilizer prices are combining to create a food crisis of unprecedented proportions. (file photo) Ramadan is Jul 7, 2023 · The geography of hunger Conflict, poverty, drought, food insecurity, limited or no access to health services, poor water quality and sanitation, insufficient maternal nutrition and low immunisation rates for children resulting in a high disease burden have all contributed to the high child malnutrition rates in Afghanistan. They just can’t afford enough of it. With record numbers of people facing hunger and most of the population projected to plunge below the poverty line this year, aid groups are calling for unprecedented amounts of donor funding. The U. In 2023, a total of 28. Millions of Afghans will face starvation this winter unless urgent action is taken, the UN World Food Programme (WFP) has warned. (AP Photo/Ebrahim Nooroozi, File) Dec 3, 2021 · 3. Afghanistan hunger statistics for 2019 was 26. While adults are suffering from hunger, the rate of malnutrition is not as high for adults as it is for children. Of these, over 8 million people are projected to face emergency levels of food insecurity, on the brink of famine. decision-makers. 6 in the 2023 Global Hunger Index, Afghanistan has a level of hunger that is serious. S. In 2018 in Afghanistan, the WFP program had 14,000 women and 3,000 men graduate and learn income-generating skills Mar 1, 2022 · Acute malnutrition is spiking across Afghanistan, and 95 percent of households have been experiencing food insecurity. Now, in Helmand, Ghor, Daykundi, and Badakhshan Pointing to large-scale hunger and poverty in Afghanistan, she called on the international community to support Afghan farmers. 80%, a 1. Mar 13, 2023 · 2) Afghanistan. The World Food Program reports that almost 20 million people – about half the country’s population Apr 6, 2022 · Climate change is making Afghanistan's hunger crisis worse. Nearly half of Afghanistan’s population faces severe hunger, including 3 million on the brink of starvation. 8 million people — more than half Afghanistan ’s population — could face acute food insecurity this winter according to the United Nations World Food Program (WFP) and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Afghanistan is the site of a decades-long complex crisis that originated in part through the Soviet-Afghan War, a protracted conflict that stretched from 1979 to 1989, as well as the 20-year American occupation of the country between 2001 and 2021. Compounding the extreme conditions is a hunger crisis. Feb 22, 2020 · One of the largest supporters of ending hunger in Afghanistan is the U. Nearly 23 million Afghans are now facing hunger and 1 million children are at risk of dying unless they receive immediate treatment for malnutrition. The reason for this is still being investigated, however, possible reasons include the scarcity of breastfeeding in infants, therefore Oct 31, 2022 · Demand for malnutrition treatment services has surged in recent months as families struggle to cope with Afghanistan’s worst hunger crisis on record. Due to heavy demands and little supply, prices for items like wheat flour and cooking oil increased by 23%. has appealed for $3. But now, for the first time, there is a Jan 16, 2024 · 1. Child malnutrition has Sep 27, 2021 · The 2020 Global Hunger Index ranked Afghanistan 99th out of 107 countries evaluated. By Khalid Mowahid and Henry Austin. COVID-19 makes the hunger problem much worse, exacerbating an already grim situation. The Conflict & Hunger in Afghanistan. Hunger – combined with bitterly cold weather in large parts of Feb 12, 2024 · In 2023, the World Food Program warned that malnutrition rates in Afghanistan were at a record high with half the country suffering from severe hunger throughout the year. 5 million children in Afghanistan were forecast to experience crisis levels of hunger in 2024, a nongovernmental organization said. 15, 2022, 1:37 AM PDT. The humanitarian conditions created by Afghanistan’s multidimensional crisis continue to impact all parts of the country and affect every aspect of Afghan life. Practically overnight, billions of dollars in foreign aid Oct 25, 2021 · Afghanistan facing desperate food crisis, UN warns. Arshad Malik, Save the Children's Country Director in Afghanistan, said: "An estimated 7. Underscoring the importance of interaction with the Afghan authorities, she recalled that the Russian Federation, together with regional partners, is developing an overall approach in the framework of the Moscow Format May 29, 2024 · About 6. The combined shocks of drought, conflict, COVID-19 and an economic crisis in Afghanistan, have left more than half the population facing a record level of acute hunger 2. July 17, 2024 Report Oct 25, 2021 · ROME/KABUL – More than half the population of Afghanistan – a record 22. Malnutrition rates in Afghanistan are at record highs — with half the country enduring severe hunger year-round — a spokesman for the U. New figures released by the IPC (Integrated Food Security Phase May 23, 2024 · 23 May 2024 Humanitarian Aid. United Nations agencies report that significant proportions of the population are at risk from malnutrition, particularly young children, and as much as 97% of the population could fall below the poverty line. Afghanistan is in the midst of a worsening humanitarian crisis. Dec 4, 2021 · Such widespread hunger is the most devastating sign of the economic crash that has crippled Afghanistan since the Taliban seized power. They are among 50,000 in 50 makeshift villages around Afghanistan’s capital who over the past 20 years have fled conflict and hunger in the provinces of Helmand, Balkh, Uruzgan, Kandahar and Laghman. Away from the attention of the world, the scale of the crisis in Afghanistan might never truly come to light Apr 12, 2022 · Hunger crisis forces parents to sell children for food. Speaking to journalists in New York, the Spokesperson for the Secretary-General pointed Jun 13, 2022 · June 13, 2022. 3 million people (two thirds of the population) need humanitarian assistance to survive, of whom 14. Nov 24, 2022 · Hunger is a slow and silent killer, its effects not always immediately visible. A hunger crisis in Afghanistan is devastating children’s lives. About 9. This is the face of Afghanistan’s hunger crisis. Afghanistan is “not a hopeless crisis,” Edem Wosornu of the UN humanitarian affairs office, OCHA, told journalists in New York, following a recent visit Sep 5, 2023 · 5 September 2023 Humanitarian Aid. 7 million people, almost half of Afghanistan’s population, are facing acute hunger according to the latest Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC) analysis conducted in January and February 2022 by Food Security and Agriculture Aug 4, 2022 · “Afghanistan’s intensifying hunger and health crisis is urgent and at its root a banking crisis,” said John Sifton, Asia advocacy director at Human Rights Watch. Climate shocks, including recent flooding and earthquakes, exacerbate challenges. 10%, a 1. Hunger, Poverty Overshadow Ramadan In Afghanistan. Read on to learn more about the crisis in Afghanistan was already one of the most dangerous places in the world to be a child. 6 million children in Afghanistan have been unable to secure food on a daily basis due to a deepening economic crisis in the country, the impact of the Ukraine war, and Afghanistan hunger statistics for 2022 was 0. Nov 25, 2022 · In Afghanistan, hunger strikes hardest in the winter This week, the International Committee of the Red Cross reported that cases of child malnutrition seen at its hospitals in Afghanistan are 90% Apr 30, 2024 · Among the striking examples in this report is Afghanistan, where over 41 percent of people face crisis-level hunger or worse, the hunger funding gap stands at 72 percent. Last year alone, our nutrition and health programs provided care to 52,246 children under five and 13,416 pregnant and breastfeeding women. 7 million people – almost half of Afghanistan’s population – are facing acute hunger, meaning that they are unable to feed themselves on a daily basis, according to the latest Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC) analysis released last month by the UN and aid partners, including FAO and the World Food Programme (). The World Food Programme provides monthly food and cash for a period of six months while vocationally training men and women. 1 By 2030, end hunger and ensure access by all people, in particular the poor and people in vulnerable situations, including infants, to safe, nutritious and sufficient food all year round. 9 million children need humanitarian assistance in Afghanistan and lack basic needs such as healthcare, education, and water. 6 million in 2022 from 2. 2017 Afghanistan: Acute Food Insecurity Situation Overview for East Region - May- July 2017; 01. The few crops which were planted are likely to face harsh conditions, with La Nina expected to bring drier than normal conditions in the coming months, extending the severe drought into a second year. UNHCR is appealing for increased support for 3. com, +1 718-541-4785. One of the worst droughts in recent years has caused rainfed wheat crops to fail, led to plummeting livestock prices and shortages in drinking water. 09. As many as 309 million people are facing chronic hunger in 72 countries. Due to long-standing economic and security challenges, major droughts, and floods in recent years, hunger in Afghanistan has increased substantially since Was Afghanistan facing a hunger crisis before the events of August 2021? Afghanistan is a low-income country, and residents affected by the civil war were at particularly high risk of hunger. The IRC is on the ground in Afghanistan, responding to humanitarian needs across the country. In addition to the conflict, Afghans have been struggling with the COVID-19 pandemic, which has left many residents in a state of economic instability. 8 million people - will face acute food insecurity from November, according to the latest Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC) report issued today by the Food Security and Agriculture Cluster of Afghanistan, co-led by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN and the UN World Food Programme. More than a year after foreign forces withdrew and the Taliban took power across the whole of Afghanistan, the country’s economy has withered and development aid and assets are still largely frozen, leaving the country facing its most serious risk of famine in 20 years. Nov 11, 2021 · Following the Taliban’s August 2021 takeover of Afghanistan, millions of dollars in lost income, spiking prices, a liquidity crisis, and shortages of cash have deprived much of the population of Mar 12, 2024 · March 12, 2024. 4 million; Primary driver of hunger: Four decades of conflict; A mother and her child receive food aid at a nutrition clinic run by WFP at a camp for displaced people near Herat, Afghanistan. by Eltaf Najafizada and Golnar Motevalli, Bloomberg News. Jun 7, 2023 · The new government still needs to determine how to address the country’s urgent humanitarian needs, such as hunger and unemployment. Almost eight million children in Afghanistan – or one in three – will enter the new year facing crisis levels of hunger as freezing conditions threaten communities already reeling from drought, earthquakes, and economic hardship, according to Save the Children. CNN —. 19 million people – nearly half […] Aug 31, 2021 · Food Insecurity in Afghanistan. By Faiza Ibrahimi and. Two years later, the situation remains dire, with Afghan women and girls acutely affected by the Taliban’s draconian restrictions on their daily lives. 2015 > 31. She’s nearly 3 but as small as an infant. Most international assistance was cut off Dec 14, 2023 · Hunger can also have lasting effects on a child's physical and cognitive development as well as take a psychological toll. Afghanistan hunger statistics for 2021 was 30. The international community continues to struggle Jan 28, 2023 · Malnutrition rates in Afghanistan are at record highs with half the country enduring severe hunger throughout the year, a spokesman for the World Food Program said Thursday. 9% increase from 2018. Secretary General Aug 26, 2021 · In the same study, results shows that 45. 2016 Jan 24, 2022 · Widespread hunger, a crippled economy and a population in desperate need of assistance. So far this year, the agency has provided food, cash and nutrition assistance to 12. Action Against Hunger has worked in Afghanistan since 1979. Jan 7, 2022 · Context, Shocks/Events, and Impact of the Crisis Following 40 years of war and an already dire situation of increasing hunger, economic decline, price rises in food and other essential needs, and rising poverty over the past several years, over 2021 the people of Afghanistan faced intensified conflict, the withdrawal of international forces and then the takeover of the country by the Taliban Sep 19, 2023 · The Taliban’s takeover of Afghanistan in August 2021 immediately exacerbated the country’s precarious humanitarian situation, leaving millions in need of food assistance and other support. Kabul is a city still waiting for its new life to take shape - a lot depends on the will and whims of its new Taliban masters. Jan 13, 2022 · An unprecedented hunger crisis is emerging in the wake of the economic collapse and ongoing drought. Oct 25, 2021 · Afghanistan on ‘countdown to catastrophe’ without urgent humanitarian relief. 3% increase from 2020. Dec 14, 2023 · Edris* (30) and his children, affected by the recent earthquake in Herat. The problem began with a drought late Sep 4, 2023 · The people here do not have sanitation or running water. KABUL – 19. Jul 27, 2020 · Added Pressure of COVID-19 Causes Hunger in Afghanistan to Worsen. Over 12. 5 million children in Afghanistan [1] - or nearly three out of ten - will face crisis or emergency levels of hunger this year as the country feels the immediate impacts of floods, the long term effects of drought and the return of Afghans from Pakistan and Iran, said Save the Children. According to the WFP, roughly one-third of Afghanistan’s population was food insecure earlier this year. On August 15, 2021, the Taliban took control of Kabul, the capital of Afghanistan, after decades of conflict and war. Dec 22, 2021 · Heartbreaking images reveal levels of child starvation in Afghanistan. “We were Dec 28, 2022 · The country with the highest number of people facing severe levels of hunger was Afghanistan where this number increased to 6. Aug 15, 2022 · Aug. Intense summer heat and a weak spring rainy season have . 3 million people, two-thirds of Afghanistan A global food crisis. 2016 Afghanistan: Acute Food Insecurity Situation April - June 2016 and Projection for July - December 2016; 01. Nevertheless, more than a quarter of the Afghan population are still going hungry, including 2. It was a stunning rout. 7 million are in extreme need (severity 4). DEZWARI, Afghanistan — Ahmed Shah Jamshidi and his family go to bed hungry every night, but not because food is in short supply. Sep 2, 2021 · Press contact: Shayna Samuels, ssamuels@purposecollaborative. We have a choice: act now to save lives and invest in solutions that secure food security, stability and Dec 14, 2023 · KABUL, 14 December 2023 – Almost 8 million children in Afghanistan – or one in three - will enter the new year facing crisis levels of hunger as freezing conditions threaten communities already reeling from drought, earthquakes, and economic hardship, said Save the Children. Afghan children are starving to death nearly every day, according to Aug 10, 2023 · The U. 07. Mar 1, 2022 · Afghanistan: Hunger Crisis Has Economic Roots. 03. However, many INGOs and NGOs are working on the ground to support the Afghan people from poverty and hunger, but this is not sufficient. Feeding children is especially a struggle for female-headed households. Nov 5, 2021 · A mother of six tends to her youngest child in Khorasan Province in Iran. Additionally, the cost of rice and May 21, 2024 · The devastating floods that struck Afghanistan recently are likely to intensify in the coming months, exacerbating the already critical food insecurity in the affected districts, the UN emergency Feb 9, 2022 · More than 23 million Afghans face acute hunger, including 9 million who are nearly famished, according to the UNICEF World Food Program. Sep 26, 2022 · A man loads WFP food into trucks to assist earthquake-affected families in June. 's World Food Program said. Baloch, nearly 23 million people, or 55 per cent of the population, are facing extreme levels of hunger – nearly nine million of whom are at risk of famine. According to Mr. 5 million in 2019. After several decades of conflict, natural disasters, chronic poverty, drought, and the COVID-19 pandemic, humanitarian needs have increased exponentially in Afghanistan. In January, Save the Children’s 57 mobile Jun 19, 2023 · According to UNDP report, 700,000 jobs were lost from August 2021 to mid-2022. Approximately 28. 90%, a 2. At the same time, many Afghans continue to seek to leave Afghanistan and Feb 7, 2024 · Afghanistan was among the first countries featured in Bread for the World’s series of Hunger Hotspots briefings. Since the Taliban took control, the country plunged into a deep economic and humanitarian crisis, with more than half of the population facing a food crisis. Nearly 23 million people, or 55 per cent of the Afghan population, are estimated to be in crisis or experiencing emergency levels of food insecurity between now and March of next year. Dec 22, 2021 · KABUL, 22 December 2021 – Children across Afghanistan are increasingly vulnerable to disease and illness due to the deadly combination of rising malnutrition, an unprecedented food crisis, drought, disruptions to vital health and nutrition centres, lack of access to and poor quality of water and sanitation services, and crippling winter weather. 04. Action Against Hunger urges states to mobilize to facilitate access, protect humanitarian space, and meet immense humanitarian needs. But it is hunger Dec 14, 2021 · In all, some 22. To learn more about World Vision’s response, read “Afghanistan crisis: Hunger in the Nov 24, 2021 · Since the change in government in Afghanistan, a food crisis has been unfolding across the country. Hunger and food insecurity have reached catastrophic levels in Afghanistan. fn df gq bv ee ty ha dr ys yv